The Pelham is designed for use with two reins, one of which is attached to the top ring (snaffle) and the other to the lower ring (curb) which is used when you need extra leverage. It can also be used with roundings attached to a single rein, so that mouthpiece and reins enter action at the same time. The double joint pelham with copper pellet has a gentler effect in the mouth than acidic pelham, as it distributes pressure evenly on the tongue and mouth angle while maintaining the nutbreaking EffeEffeEffeEffeEffeEffeEffeEffeSingle joint bit reduced. Copper warms the horse and encourages it to saliva and accept the bit. Mouthpieces with two joints can affect the way the reins steps into action, and reduce directness by applying more pressure on the mouth bars. The small ring above the cuff is used for a lip strap that is not necessarily necessary, but correct for demonstrations and helps to flatten the chin strap . The Pelham is ideal for stronger horses that can benefit from activating the mandar rein, which exerts pressure on the bars on the mouth, chin and nose bridge and thus helps promote correct head posture. Dimensions: According to our size guide, the A and B dimensions for this bit are as follows. 4.5 - A=16 mm & B=125 mm5 & 5.5 - A=16 mm & B=130 mm6 - A=16 mm & B=140 mm. Horse bites made of stainless steel...Stainless steel is the most commonly used material for horse bites as it is durable, easy to clean and does not rust. Some of our stainless steel bits are finished with copper mouthpieces that help create a warm feeling and encourage the horse to saliva and accept the bite.