Designed and manufactured by Modular by Chicago, IL. Diode Chaos is a unique module because it has never existed as an electronic musical instrument before. The module is based on a circuit made from a paper called "A simple chaotic circuit with a light-emitting diode", written by Volos, Wang, Jafari, and Kapitaniak. Diode Chaos produces 3 phases of interconnected morphing voltages, including a chaotic trigger. The range is 20-30 seconds per cycle up to the audio rate, although only the X-Out and TRIG-Out reach the audio rate. The frequency is controlled via the RATE button. Each output indicates a different behavior at different rate settings. X, Y and Z-outs like to stay in the 4Vpp range, although the outputs can reach 10VPP at different RATE settings. The TRIG Out chaotically emits 0-10V triggers, although it sometimes spits out smaller voltage spikes. LED solder mask windows provide constant display of positive and negative voltage crosses. Supplied with black M3 nylon screws.